During Operation Sindoor last year, India entered a period of heightened alert, with blackouts imposed across several states bordering Pakistan and civil defence drills conducted nationwide to assess the country’s readiness for emergencies and disaster response. On 7 May 2025, Operation Abhyas

At the heart of the dispute lies a 1963 agreement in which Pakistan ceded roughly 5,180 square kilometres of Indian territory to China—an arrangement New Delhi has never recognized. By now claiming formal ownership of this land, Beijing is attempting to transform